Violaceous Lesions on the Leg: What Else Apart from Kaposi Sarcoma? Differential Diagnosis with a Narrative Review of the Literature

With this work, we aimed to review the principal benign and malignant tumors (including vascular, keratinocytic/epidermal, melanocytic, hematopoietic, lymphoid origin), primarily affecting leg’s skin. The lesions’ location can also help focus on a spectrum of differential diagnoses in clinical practice. All diseases present same presentation characterized by erythematous violaceous nodules. Despite presentation, each disease’s prognostic outcome therapeutic management be somewhat different. Since diagnosis may sometimes challenging, histology immunohistochemistry play fundamental role recognizing staging these types lesions. Molecular studies determine exact nature lesions with no specific characteristics. Kaposi’s sarcoma is an angioproliferative neoplasm that typically occurs lower limbs enter into several other rarer skin diseases. concerns primary cutaneous lymphomas, which mycosis fungoides represent most frequent T-cell lymphoma. Other rare forms include B-cell divided indolent aggressive forms, such as diffuse large lymphoma, leg type, lymphomatoid papulomatosis (LyP). In case lesions, skin-directed therapies, limited-field radiotherapy, surgical approaches good options. At time, different management, systemic chemotherapy allogenic bone marrow transplant, required neoplasms, blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasia or advanced fungoides. dermatologist’s crucial avoiding misdiagnosis, giving pathologist correct information for accurate diagnosis, starting suitable therapy.